Wash obsession
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Hysteria
Hysteria is the historical term for disorders characterised by symptoms such as paralysis, blindness, deafness or epilepsy-like seizures. The term hysteria was strongly associated with the female sex and had a pejorative connotation. Today, such symptoms are interpreted differently.

Nomophobia
Are you afraid of being out and about without your mobile phone?
Then you suffer from nomophobia.

Borderline personality disorder
Do you often fear being abandoned and do you desperately do everything possible to prevent this?
Do you repeatedly experience a loved one as the best person in the world and shortly thereafter are bitterly disappointed by them?
Do you have a low opinion of yourself?
Do you act impulsively without considering possible negative consequences?
Have you ever intentionally harmed yourself to feel yourself again?
Have you ever attempted suicide or threatened to do so?
Do you often feel empty inside?

Fear of flying
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Bipolar disorder
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Gender dysphoria
Gender dysphoria refers to the clinically relevant psychological stress that can arise from the contradiction between social and biological gender. The suffering is often particularly severe when desired physical treatments are not available.

Paranoia
Paranoia refers to symptoms such as fear of being followed, mistrust and conspiracy theories. Paranoia can occur in connection with various mental disorders. It is often part of psychoses.
Picture of a patient with paranoia, Psychiatric University Hospital Basel, 1972

Dementia
Memorise the following three terms until you leave the room:
Forest
Summer
Table

Autism spectrum disorder
Autism manifests itself in different symptoms, forms and degrees of severity.
The main characteristics are:
- abnormalities in social interaction
- impaired communication
- stereotyped behaviour patterns and special interests
Two examples:

Paedophilia
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Tourette's syndrome
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Catatonia
Catatonia is not a separate diagnosis. It is a combination of symptoms that can occur in mental and neurological disorders. These include stupor, mutism, retention of body positions (catalepsy) and stereotypical movements or speech.

Schizophrenia
Schizophrenic illnesses show complex and varied symptoms. Those affected suffer over a long period of time from changes in their thoughts, feelings and perception. Their behaviour also changes. The usual symptoms include delusions, hallucinations, reduced emotional expression or incoherent speech. The percentage of people who develop schizophrenia is roughly the same in all countries.

Psychosis
Psychosis describes a group of symptoms that can occur in mental illnesses such as schizophrenia, bipolar disorder or depression. Those affected perceive reality differently. Typical symptoms include hallucinations, delusions, thought disorders and anxiety. In most cases, these are temporary conditions. However, psychoses can also have physical causes such as brain tumours, inflammation or metabolic disorders, or can occur as side effects of medication or drugs.

ADHD
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Depression
The Beck Depression Inventory is a test procedure that is used – alongside other tests – to diagnose depression.

Anorexia Nervosa
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Gambling Addiction
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Oligophrenia
Until the late 20th century, people with cognitive impairments were institutionalised in psychiatric hospitals. Intellectual disability, from mild to most severe forms, was referred to as oligophrenia.

Dissociative identity disorder
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Compulsive buying
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Cretinism
Cretinism was a widespread disease in Switzerland until the beginning of the 20th century. Due to iodine deficiency, sufferers experienced developmental disorders that led to short stature, deafness and cognitive impairment. In addition, many had an enlarged thyroid gland, a goitre. The condition was particularly common in regions with iodine-deficient soils. Iodine has been added to table salt since 1922. This measure eliminated the disease in Switzerland.

Hypochondria
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Progressive paralysis
Progressive paralysis refers to the progressive decay of the brain in the late stages of syphilis. Around 1900, many patients with progressive paralysis were treated in psychiatric clinics.
Figure 1: The syphilis pathogen, the bacterium Treponema pallidum (from: wikimedia commons)
Figure 2: Drawing from the medical records of Ida H., who died of progressive paralysis in 1928 at the "Friedmatt" clinic.

Narcissistic personality disorder
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Messie syndrome
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Burnout
Severe work-related exhaustion is referred to as burnout. Burnout is not a clinical diagnosis in its own right, but the boundaries between burnout and the onset of depression are fluid.

Alcoholism
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PTSD
Life-threatening or very stressful events such as wars, sexualised violence, torture, natural disasters or serious accidents can lead to post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The most common symptoms are:
- Flashbacks, vivid memories of the traumatic experiences
- Constant state of alert, jumpiness
- Panic attacks
- Sleep disorders, nightmares
- Lack of concentration
- Irritability, outbursts of rage
- Avoiding situations that could trigger memories
- Memory lapses
- A fundamental disruption of one's view of humanity and the world
- Emotional numbness

Agoraphobia
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Kleptomania
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